Cummins Reports Strong Second Quarter 2023 Results

COLUMBUS, Ind.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Cummins Inc. (NYSE: CMI) today reported results for the second quarter of 2023.

Second quarter revenues of $8.6 billion increased 31 percent from the same quarter in 2022. Sales in North America increased 31 percent and international revenues increased 32 percent due to the addition of Meritor and strong demand across most global markets.

“Strong demand across most of our key markets and regions resulted in record revenues and solid profitability for the company in the second quarter of 2023,” said Jennifer Rumsey, Chair and CEO. “We are committed to delivering cycle-over-cycle improvement in financial performance, returning cash to our shareholders and prioritizing investments to continue building our product portfolio to power our customers’ success around the world. I want to thank our Cummins employees who continue to work tirelessly to meet customer needs and respond to the strong demand levels by ensuring quality products, strengthening our customer relationships, and navigating continued supply chain constraints.”

Net income attributable to Cummins in the second quarter was $720 million, or $5.05 per diluted share compared to $702 million, or $4.94 per diluted share in 2022. Results included costs associated with the separation of Atmus of $23 million, or $0.13 per diluted share, in the second quarter of 2023, and $29 million, or $0.16 per diluted share, in the second quarter of 2022. The second quarter of 2022 also included $47 million, or $0.33 per diluted share, of benefit from adjusting the reserves related to the indefinite suspension of our operations in Russia. The tax rate in the second quarter was 22.3 percent including $3 million, or $0.02 per diluted share, of unfavorable discrete tax items.

Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) in the second quarter were $1.3 billion, or 15.1 percent of sales, compared to $1.1 billion, or 16.0 percent of sales, a year ago. EBITDA for the second quarter of 2023 included the costs related to the separation of Atmus and the second quarter 2022 EBITDA included the reserve release related to the indefinite suspension of operations in Russia and costs related to the separation of Atmus as noted above. EBITDA percentage decreased in the second quarter principally due to the dilutive impact of Meritor, which currently has a lower gross margin percentage than our company average.

2023 Outlook:

Based on its current forecast, Cummins is maintaining its full year 2023 revenue guidance to be up 15 to 20 percent due to strong demand across most markets, especially North America. EBITDA is still expected to be in the range of 15.0 to 15.7 percent of sales.

The outlook above includes the projected results of the Meritor business for 2023. The outlook assumes the inclusion of Atmus for the entirety of 2023, but excludes any costs or benefits associated with the planned separation of the business. Within the Components Segment, Cummins expects revenues of the Meritor business for 2023 to be between $4.7 billion to $4.9 billion and EBITDA to be in the range of 10.3 to 11.0 percent of sales, consistent with prior guidance.

The company plans to continue to generate strong operating cash flow and returns for shareholders and is committed to our long-term strategic goal of returning 50 percent of operating cash flow back to shareholders. In the near term, we will focus on reinvesting for profitable growth, advancing dividends and reducing debt.

“While we see demand remaining strong through 2023 and we are maintaining our guidance on revenue and profitability, we continue to closely monitor global economic indicators. Should economic momentum slow, Cummins will remain in a strong position to keep investing in future growth, bringing new technologies to customers as we advance our Destination Zero strategy, and returning cash to shareholders,” said Rumsey.

Recent Highlights:

Progress continues to be made on the separation of the Filtration business. On May 26^th, Atmus Filtration Technologies Inc. shares began trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker symbol “ATMU” in connection with the initial public offering (IPO). Upon completion of the IPO, Cummins retained approximately 80.5% of Atmus’ outstanding shares. The Atmus IPO generated $299 million of net proceeds and Atmus added $650 million of debt. Cummins realizes the benefits of the IPO proceeds and the debt issuance, as Atmus will hold the debt at full separation.

Cummins announced two significant milestones with the 5 millionth engine produced at its Rocky Mount Engine Plant (RMEP) in North Carolina and the 2.5 millionth engine produced at its Jamestown Engine Plant (JEP) in New York. The 5 millionth milestone engine was a B6.7, which was received by Daimler, who provided it to Penske. The 2.5 millionth engine at JEP was the new 15-liter natural gas product and provided to Kenworth.

On April 3^rd, United States President Joe Biden visited company facilities in Fridley, Minnesota (USA), to tour Accelera by Cummins’ first U.S. manufacturing location for electrolyzers, a key technology to produce low- and no-carbon hydrogen. The official ribbon cutting on May 19^th marked the start of electrolyzer production in the United States. Accelera is initially dedicating 89,000 sq. ft. of the existing Cummins power generation facility in Fridley to electrolyzer production.

In the second quarter, Accelera reached a milestone of backlog electrolyzer orders totaling over $500 million. The Fridley facility will help address that growing demand along with other capacity being added globally.

Cummins signed a definitive agreement with Tata Motors Limited (TML), to manufacture a range of low- to zero-emissions technology products in India over the next few years. As a part of this agreement, Cummins and TML have set up a new business entity called TCPL Green Energy Solutions Private Limited (GES), a wholly owned subsidiary under the existing joint venture with a focus on the development and manufacturing of sustainable technology products that will include hydrogen-powered internal combustion engines, fuel delivery systems, and battery electric powertrains and fuel cell electric systems through the Accelera™ by Cummins brand.

Cummins received a 2023 Energy Management Insight Award from the Clean Energy Ministerial. The award recognizes organizations demonstrating the benefits of energy management systems and meeting the ISO 50001 international energy standard.

Cummins announced an increase in the quarterly common stock cash dividend from $1.57 to $1.68 per share. The company has increased the quarterly dividend to shareholders for 14 consecutive years.

¹ Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the U.S.

Second quarter 2023 detail (all comparisons to same period in 2022):

Components Segment

Sales – $3.4 billion, up 76 percent
Segment EBITDA – $486 million, or 14.2 percent of sales, which includes $18 million of costs related to the separation of Atmus compared to $352 million, or 18.1 percent of sales, which includes $2 million of benefits from adjusting the reserves related to the indefinite suspension of operations in Russia. The decline in EBITDA percentage was driven primarily by the addition of Meritor, which has a dilutive impact on the segment despite its improvement in the second quarter.
Revenues in North America increased by 70 percent and international sales increased by 84 percent due to the addition of Meritor and increased global demand.

Engine Segment

Sales – $3.0 billion, up 8 percent
Segment EBITDA – $425 million, or 14.2 percent of sales, compared to $421 million or 15.2 percent of sales, which included $1 million of costs from the indefinite suspension of operations in Russia
On-highway revenues increased 7 percent driven by strong demand in the North American truck market and pricing actions.
Sales increased 7 percent in North America and grew 10 percent in international markets due to an increase in global demand.

Distribution Segment

Sales – $2.6 billion, up 15 percent
Segment EBITDA – $299 million, or 11.5 percent of sales, compared to $297 million, or 13.2 percent of sales, a year ago when results included $45 million of benefits from adjusting the reserves related to the indefinite suspension of operations in Russia
Revenues in North America increased 20 percent and international sales increased by 5 percent.
Higher revenues were driven by increased demand for whole goods, especially power generation products, and pricing actions.

Power Systems Segment

Sales – $1.5 billion, up 21 percent
Segment EBITDA – $201 million, or 13.8 percent of sales, compared to $128 million, or 10.6 percent of sales, which included $1 million of benefit from adjusting the reserves related to the indefinite suspension of operations in Russia
Second quarter results also included $18 million of costs related to severance costs related to transformation efforts within the segment.
Power generation revenues increased 30 percent driven by increased global demand and pricing actions. Industrial revenues increased 9 percent due to increased demand in mining and oil and gas markets.

Accelera Segment

Sales – $85 million, up 102 percent
Segment EBITDA loss – $114 million
Revenues increased due to higher demand for battery electric systems in the North American school bus market and the additions of the electric powertrain portion of the Meritor business and Siemens Commercial Vehicle business.
Costs associated with the development of electric powertrains, fuel cells and electrolyzers, as well as products to support battery electric vehicles are contributing to EBITDA losses. The company continues to make investments to support our customers through the energy transition and deliver future profitable growth.

About Cummins Inc.

Cummins Inc., a global power leader, is a corporation of complementary business segments that design, manufacture, distribute and service a broad portfolio of power solutions. The company’s products range from diesel, natural gas, electric and hybrid powertrains and powertrain-related components including filtration, aftertreatment, turbochargers, fuel systems, controls systems, air handling systems, automated transmissions, axles, drivelines, brakes, suspension systems, electric power generation systems, batteries, electrified power systems, electric powertrains, hydrogen production and fuel cell products. Headquartered in Columbus, Indiana (U.S.), since its founding in 1919, Cummins employs approximately 73,600 people committed to powering a more prosperous world through three global corporate responsibility priorities critical to healthy communities: education, environment and equality of opportunity. Cummins serves its customers online, through a network of company-owned and independent distributor locations, and through thousands of dealer locations worldwide and earned about $2.2 billion on sales of $28.1 billion in 2022. See how Cummins is powering a world that’s always on by accessing news releases and more information at https://www.cummins.com/always-on.

Forward-looking disclosure statement

Information provided in this release that is not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements regarding our forecasts, guidance, preliminary results, expectations, hopes, beliefs and intentions on strategies regarding the future. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements relating to our plans and expectations for our revenues and EBITDA. Our actual future results could differ materially from those projected in such forward-looking statements because of a number of factors, including, but not limited to: any adverse results of our internal review into our emissions certification process and compliance with emission standards; increased scrutiny from regulatory agencies, as well as unpredictability in the adoption, implementation and enforcement of emission standards around the world; changes in international, national and regional trade laws, regulations and policies; changes in taxation; global legal and ethical compliance costs and risks; evolving environmental and climate change legislation and regulatory initiatives; future bans or limitations on the use of diesel-powered products; failure to successfully integrate and / or failure to fully realize all of the anticipated benefits of the acquisition of Meritor, Inc.; raw material, transportation and labor price fluctuations and supply shortages; any adverse effects of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the global response (including government bans or restrictions on doing business in Russia); aligning our capacity and production with our demand; the actions of, and income from, joint ventures and other investees that we do not directly control; large truck manufacturers’ and original equipment manufacturers’ customers discontinuing outsourcing their engine supply needs or experiencing financial distress, or change in control; product recalls; variability in material and commodity costs; the development of new technologies that reduce demand for our current products and services; lower than expected acceptance of new or existing products or services; product liability claims; our sales mix of products; failure to complete, adverse results from or failure to realize the expected benefits of the separation of our filtration business; our plan to reposition our portfolio of product offerings through exploration of strategic acquisitions and divestitures and related uncertainties of entering such transactions; increasing interest rates; challenging markets for talent and ability to attract, develop and retain key personnel; climate change, global warming, more stringent climate change regulations, accords, mitigation efforts, greenhouse gas (GHG) regulations or other legislation designed to address climate change; exposure to potential security breaches or other disruptions to our information technology environment and data security; political, economic and other risks from operations in numerous countries including political, economic and social uncertainty and the evolving globalization of our business; competitor activity; increasing competition, including increased global competition among our customers in emerging markets; failure to meet environmental, social and governance (ESG) expectations or standards, or achieve our ESG goals; labor relations or work stoppages; foreign currency exchange rate changes; the performance of our pension plan assets and volatility of discount rates; the price and availability of energy; continued availability of financing, financial instruments and financial resources in the amounts, at the times and on the terms required to support our future business; and other risks detailed from time to time in our SEC filings, including particularly in the Risk Factors section of our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Shareholders, potential investors and other readers are urged to consider these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements and are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements made herein are made only as of the date of this press release and we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. More detailed information about factors that may affect our performance may be found in our filings with the SEC, which are available at http://www.sec.gov or at http://www.cummins.com in the Investor Relations section of our website.

Presentation of Non-GAAP Financial Information

EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure used in this release and is defined and reconciled to what management believes to be the most comparable GAAP measure in a schedule attached to this release, except for forward-looking measures of EBITDA where a reconciliation to the corresponding GAAP measures is not available due to the variability, complexity and limited visibility of the non-cash items that are excluded from the non-GAAP outlook measure. Cummins presents this information as it believes it is useful to understanding the Company’s operating performance, and because EBITDA is a measure used internally to assess the performance of the operating units.

Webcast information

Cummins management will host a teleconference to discuss these results today at 10 a.m. EDT. This teleconference will be webcast and available on the Investor Relations section of the Cummins website at www.cummins.com. Participants wishing to view the visuals available with the audio are encouraged to sign-in a few minutes prior to the start of the teleconference.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF NET INCOME (Unaudited) (a)

	Three months ended
	June 30,
In millions, except per share amounts	2023		2022
NET SALES	$	8,638	$	6,586
Cost of sales		6,490		4,860
GROSS MARGIN		2,148		1,726
OPERATING EXPENSES AND INCOME
Selling, general and administrative expenses		873		622
Research, development and engineering expenses		384		299
Equity, royalty and interest income from investees		133		95
Other operating expense, net		27		3
OPERATING INCOME		997		897
Interest expense		99		34
Other income (expense), net		51		(8	)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES		949		855
Income tax expense		212		148
CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME		737		707
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		17		5
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.	$	720	$	702

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.
Basic	$	5.08	$	4.97
Diluted	$	5.05	$	4.94

WEIGHTED-AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
Basic		141.7		141.2
Diluted		142.5		142.0

^(a) Prepared on an unaudited basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

	Six months ended
	June 30,
In millions, except per share amounts	2023		2022
NET SALES	$	17,091	$	12,971
Cost of sales		12,914		9,713
GROSS MARGIN		4,177		3,258
OPERATING EXPENSES AND INCOME
Selling, general and administrative expenses		1,626		1,237
Research, development and engineering expenses		734		597
Equity, royalty and interest income from investees		252		191
Other operating expense, net		46		114
OPERATING INCOME		2,023		1,501
Interest expense		186		51
Other income (expense), net		141		(17	)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES		1,978		1,433
Income tax expense		435		303
CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME		1,543		1,130
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		33		10
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.	$	1,510	$	1,120

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.
Basic	$	10.66	$	7.90
Diluted	$	10.60	$	7.86

WEIGHTED-AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
Basic		141.6		141.7
Diluted		142.5		142.5

^(a) Prepared on an unaudited basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) (a)

In millions, except par value	June 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,802		$	2,101
Marketable securities		512			472
Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities		2,314			2,573
Accounts and notes receivable, net		5,863			5,202
Inventories		6,026			5,603
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		1,207			1,073
Total current assets		15,410			14,451
Long-term assets
Property, plant and equipment, net		5,723			5,521
Investments and advances related to equity method investees		1,861			1,759
Goodwill		2,404			2,343
Other intangible assets, net		2,584			2,687
Pension assets		1,523			1,398
Other assets		2,230			2,140
Total assets	$	31,735		$	30,299

LIABILITIES
Current liabilities
Accounts payable (principally trade)	$	4,308		$	4,252
Loans payable		419			210
Commercial paper		1,617			2,574
Current maturities of long-term debt		575			573
Accrued compensation, benefits and retirement costs		721			617
Current portion of accrued product warranty		751			726
Current portion of deferred revenue		1,017			1,004
Other accrued expenses		1,637			1,465
Total current liabilities		11,045			11,421
Long-term liabilities
Long-term debt		5,089			4,498
Deferred revenue		939			844
Other liabilities		3,306			3,311
Total liabilities	$	20,379		$	20,074

Redeemable noncontrolling interests	$	—		$	258

EQUITY
Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity
Common stock, $2.50 par value, 500 shares authorized, 222.5 and 222.5 shares issued	$	2,532		$	2,243
Retained earnings		19,102			18,037
Treasury stock, at cost, 80.9 and 81.2 shares		(9,380	)		(9,415	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(1,917	)		(1,890	)
Total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity		10,337			8,975
Noncontrolling interests		1,019			992
Total equity	$	11,356		$	9,967
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and equity	$	31,735		$	30,299

^(a) Prepared on an unaudited basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) (a)

	Three months ended
	June 30,
In millions	2023			2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Consolidated net income	$	737		$	707
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		257			167
Deferred income taxes		(94	)		(46	)
Equity in income of investees, net of dividends		(46	)		14
Pension and OPEB expense		2			8
Pension contributions and OPEB payments		(11	)		(12	)
Russian suspension recoveries		—			(47	)
(Gain) loss on corporate owned life insurance		(1	)		48
Foreign currency remeasurement and transaction exposure		(48	)		(3	)
Changes in current assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions
Accounts and notes receivable		(14	)		165
Inventories		(140	)		(209	)
Other current assets		5			(8	)
Accounts payable		(316	)		(58	)
Accrued expenses		110			(30	)
Changes in other liabilities		11			(81	)
Other, net		31			(16	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		483			599

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures		(221	)		(147	)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired		(134	)		(328	)
Investments in marketable securities—acquisitions		(322	)		(236	)
Investments in marketable securities—liquidations		275			207
Other, net		24			(62	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(378	)		(566	)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from borrowings		694			42
Net (payments) borrowings of commercial paper		(629	)		394
Payments on borrowings and finance lease obligations		(86	)		(47	)
Dividend payments on common stock		(223	)		(204	)
Repurchases of common stock		—			(36	)
Other, net		4			(43	)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(240	)		106
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		(43	)		47
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(178	)		186
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		1,980			2,276
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD	$	1,802		$	2,462

^(a) Prepared on an unaudited basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

	Six months ended
	June 30,
In millions	2023			2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Consolidated net income	$	1,543		$	1,130
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		503			328
Deferred income taxes		(132	)		(112	)
Equity in income of investees, net of dividends		(113	)		(62	)
Pension and OPEB expense		3			17
Pension contributions and OPEB payments		(103	)		(55	)
Russian suspension costs, net of recoveries		—			111
(Gain) loss on corporate owned life insurance		(20	)		85
Foreign currency remeasurement and transaction exposure		(59	)		(10	)
Changes in current assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions
Accounts and notes receivable		(635	)		(252	)
Inventories		(403	)		(498	)
Other current assets		(137	)		(65	)
Accounts payable		65			426
Accrued expenses		261			(281	)
Changes in other liabilities		75			(11	)
Other, net		130			12
Net cash provided by operating activities		978			763

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures		(414	)		(251	)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired		(134	)		(245	)
Investments in marketable securities—acquisitions		(648	)		(433	)
Investments in marketable securities—liquidations		620			461
Other, net		(30	)		(108	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(606	)		(576	)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from borrowings		737			56
Net (payments) borrowings of commercial paper		(658	)		392
Payments on borrowings and finance lease obligations		(228	)		(71	)
Dividend payments on common stock		(445	)		(411	)
Repurchases of common stock		—			(347	)
Other, net		(9	)		(10	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(603	)		(391	)
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		(68	)		74
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(299	)		(130	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		2,101			2,592
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD	$	1,802		$	2,462

^(a) Prepared on an unaudited basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES SEGMENT INFORMATION (Unaudited)

In millions	Components				Engine			Distribution			Power Systems			Accelera			Total Segments			Intersegment Eliminations ⁽¹⁾			Total
Three months ended June 30, 2023
External sales	$	2,924			$	2,263		$	2,576		$	794		$	81		$	8,638		$	—		$	8,638
Intersegment sales		501				725			19			663			4			1,912			(1,912	)		—
Total sales		3,425				2,988			2,595			1,457			85			10,550			(1,912	)		8,638
Research, development and engineering expenses		103				148			15			66			52			384			—			384
Equity, royalty and interest income (loss) from investees		24				71			24			18			(4	)		133			—			133
Interest income		7				7			8			2			1			25			—			25
EBITDA ⁽²⁾		486		⁽³⁾		425			299			201			(114	)		1,297			7			1,304
Depreciation and amortization ⁽⁴⁾		125				56			28			32			15			256			—			256

EBITDA as a percentage of segment sales		14.2	%			14.2	%		11.5	%		13.8	%		NM			12.3	%					15.1	%

Three months ended June 30, 2022
External sales	$	1,477			$	2,092		$	2,247		$	734		$	36		$	6,586		$	—		$	6,586
Intersegment sales		473				683			6			469			6			1,637			(1,637	)		—
Total sales		1,950				2,775			2,253			1,203			42			8,223			(1,637	)		6,586
Research, development and engineering expenses		73				116			13			58			39			299			—			299
Equity, royalty and interest income (loss) from investees		9				58			21			10			(3	)		95			—			95
Interest income		2				1			3			1			—			7			—			7
Russian suspension (recoveries) costs		(2	)			1			(45	)		(1	)		—			(47	)		—			(47	)
EBITDA ⁽²⁾		352				421			297			128			(79	)		1,119			(64	)		1,055
Depreciation and amortization ⁽⁴⁾		49				49			29			31			8			166			—			166

EBITDA as a percentage of segment sales		18.1	%			15.2	%		13.2	%		10.6	%		NM			13.6	%					16.0	%

“NM” – not meaningful information
⁽¹⁾ Includes intersegment sales, intersegment profit in inventory eliminations and unallocated corporate expenses. There were no significant unallocated corporate expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, except for $5 million and $24 million of costs associated with the IPO and separation of Atmus Filtration Technologies Inc. (Atmus) in 2023 and 2022, respectively.
⁽²⁾ EBITDA is defined as earnings or losses before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization and noncontrolling interests.
⁽³⁾ Includes $18 million of costs associated with the IPO and separation of Atmus. See “DIVESTITURE AND ACQUISITIONS,” note for additional information.
⁽⁴⁾ Depreciation and amortization, as shown on a segment basis, excludes the amortization of debt discount and deferred costs included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income as interest expense. A portion of depreciation expense is included in research, development and engineering expenses.

In millions	Components				Engine				Distribution			Power Systems			Accelera			Total Segments			Intersegment Eliminations ⁽¹⁾			Total
Six months ended June 30, 2023
External sales	$	5,967			$	4,515			$	4,975		$	1,473		$	161		$	17,091		$	—		$	17,091
Intersegment sales		1,015				1,459				26			1,327			9			3,836			(3,836	)		—
Total sales		6,982				5,974				5,001			2,800			170			20,927			(3,836	)		17,091
Research, development and engineering expenses		194				282				29			129			100			734			—			734
Equity, royalty and interest income (loss) from investees		45				136				48			31			(8	)		252			—			252
Interest income		13				10				15			4			1			43			—			43
EBITDA ⁽²⁾		993		⁽³⁾		882				634			420			(208	)		2,721			(56	)		2,665
Depreciation and amortization ⁽⁴⁾		248				107				56			61			29			501			—			501

EBITDA as a percentage of total sales		14.2	%			14.8	%			12.7	%		15.0	%		NM			13.0	%					15.6	%

Six months ended June 30, 2022
External sales	$	2,994			$	4,141			$	4,358		$	1,417		$	61		$	12,971		$	—		$	12,971
Intersegment sales		944				1,387				12			946			12			3,301			(3,301	)		—
Total sales		3,938				5,528				4,370			2,363			73			16,272			(3,301	)		12,971
Research, development and engineering expenses		149				225				26			122			75			597			—			597
Equity, royalty and interest income (loss) from investees		37				100		⁽⁵⁾		37			21			(4	)		191			—			191
Interest income		3				5				5			2			—			15			—			15
Russian suspension costs		4				33		⁽⁶⁾		55			19			—			111			—			111
EBITDA ⁽²⁾		672				811				407			218			(144	)		1,964			(154	)		1,810
Depreciation and amortization ⁽⁴⁾		92				100				57			62			15			326			—			326

EBITDA as a percentage of total sales		17.1	%			14.7	%			9.3	%		9.2	%		NM			12.1	%					14.0	%

“NM” – not meaningful information
⁽¹⁾ Includes intersegment sales, intersegment profit in inventory eliminations and unallocated corporate expenses. There were no significant unallocated corporate expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, except for $11 million and $41 million of costs associated with the IPO and separation of Atmus in 2023 and 2022, respectively.
⁽²⁾ EBITDA is defined as earnings or losses before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization and noncontrolling interests.
⁽³⁾ Includes $30 million of costs associated with the IPO and separation of Atmus. See “DIVESTITURE AND ACQUISITIONS,” note for additional information.
⁽⁴⁾ Depreciation and amortization, as shown on a segment basis, excludes the amortization of debt discount and deferred costs included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income as interest expense. The amortization of debt discount and deferred costs was $2 million and $2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. A portion of depreciation expense is included in research, development and engineering expenses.
⁽⁵⁾ Includes a $28 million impairment of our joint venture with KAMAZ and $3 million of royalty charges as part of our costs associated with the indefinite suspension of our Russian operations.
⁽⁶⁾ Includes $31 million of Russian suspension costs reflected in the equity, royalty and interest income (loss) from investees line above.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECT FOOTNOTE DATA
(Unaudited)

EQUITY, ROYALTY AND INTEREST INCOME FROM INVESTEES

Equity, royalty and interest income from investees included in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income for the reporting periods was as follows:

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
In millions	2023		2022		2023		2022
Manufacturing entities
Dongfeng Cummins Engine Company, Ltd.	$	18	$	11	$	37	$	27
Chongqing Cummins Engine Company, Ltd.		13		7		22		16
Beijing Foton Cummins Engine Co., Ltd.		9		14		25		28
Tata Cummins, Ltd.		7		5		15		14
All other manufacturers		32		13		51		3	⁽¹⁾
Distribution entities
Komatsu Cummins Chile, Ltda.		13		12		27		19
All other distributors		4		3		7		5
Cummins share of net income		96		65		184		112
Royalty and interest income		37		30		68		79
Equity, royalty and interest income from investees	$	133	$	95	$	252	$	191

⁽¹⁾ Includes a $28 million impairment of our joint venture with KAMAZ and $3 million of royalty charges as part of our costs associated with the indefinite suspension of our Russian operations.

DIVESTITURE AND ACQUISITIONS

Divestiture

Formation of Atmus Filtration Technologies Inc. (Atmus) and Initial Public Offering (IPO)

On May 23, 2023, in connection with the Atmus IPO, Cummins issued approximately $350 million of commercial paper with certain lenders. On May 26, 2023, Atmus shares began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “ATMU.” The IPO was completed on May 30, 2023, whereby Cummins exchanged 19.5 percent (approximately 16 million shares) of its ownership in Atmus, at $19.50 per share, to retire $299 million of the commercial paper as proceeds from the offering through a non-cash transaction.

In connection with the completion of the IPO, through a series of asset and equity contributions, we transferred the filtration business to Atmus. In exchange, Atmus transferred consideration of approximately $650 million to Cummins, which consisted primarily of the net proceeds from a term loan facility and revolver executed by Atmus during May 2023.

As we still own 80.5 percent of Atmus shares, it remains included in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Acquisitions

Hydrogenics Corporation

On June 29, 2023, a share purchase agreement was executed with a 19 percent minority shareholder in one of our businesses, Hydrogenics Corporation (Hydrogenics), whereby we agreed to pay the minority shareholder $335 million for their 19 percent ownership, including the settlement of shareholder loans of $48 million. As part of the share purchase agreement, Hydrogenics entered into three non-interest-bearing promissory notes with $175 million paid on July 31, 2023, and the remaining $160 million due in three installments through 2025.

Teksid Hierro de Mexico, S.A. de C.V.

On April 3, 2023, we acquired Teksid Hierro de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. (Teksid MX) business for approximately $150 million, subject to working capital and other customary adjustments. Teksid MX operates a cast iron foundry located in Monclova, Mexico, which primarily forges blocks and heads used in our and other manufacturers’ engines. Teksid, Inc. facilitates the commercialization of Teksid MX products in North America.

Meritor, Inc.

During the second quarter of 2023, we finalized our accounting for the Meritor, Inc. acquisition. The primary components of the change were to increase contingent liabilities by $62 million offset by finalization of deferred taxes and tax reserves, with a net increase to goodwill of $26 million. There was no impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income for any of the changes.

INCOME TAXES

Our effective tax rate for 2023 is expected to approximate 22.0 percent, excluding any discrete items that may arise.

Our effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2023, was 22.3 percent and contained net unfavorable discrete tax items of $3 million, or $0.02 per share.

Our effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2023, was 22.0 percent and contained net discrete tax amounts of zero, as the result of offsetting amounts for the first two quarters, primarily due to share-based compensation tax benefits and other discrete items.

Our effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2022, was 17.3 percent and contained favorable discrete tax items of $36 million, or $0.25 per share, primarily due to $36 million of favorable changes in tax reserves, $10 million of favorable changes associated with the indefinite suspension in our Russian operations and $8 million of net favorable other discrete tax items, partially offset by $18 million of unfavorable tax costs associated with internal restructuring ahead of the planned separation of Atmus.

Our effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2022, was 21.1 percent and contained favorable discrete items of $5 million, or $0.04 per share, primarily due to $27 million of favorable changes in tax reserves and $4 million of net favorable other discrete tax items, partially offset by $18 million of unfavorable tax costs associated with internal restructuring ahead of the planned separation of Atmus and $8 million of unfavorable changes associated with the indefinite suspension in our Russian operations.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
FINANCIAL MEASURES THAT SUPPLEMENT GAAP
(Unaudited)

Reconciliation of Non GAAP measures – Earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization and noncontrolling interests (EBITDA)

We believe EBITDA is a useful measure of our operating performance as it assists investors and debt holders in comparing our performance on a consistent basis without regard to financing methods, capital structure, income taxes or depreciation and amortization methods, which can vary significantly depending upon many factors. We believe EBITDA excluding special items is a useful measure of our operating performance without regard to the costs associated with the IPO and separation of Atmus and indefinite suspension of Russian operations. This statement excludes forward looking measures of EBITDA where a reconciliation to the corresponding GAAP measures is not available due to the variability, complexity and limited visibility of non-cash items that are excluded from the non-GAAP outlook measure.

EBITDA is not in accordance with, or an alternative for, accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) and may not be consistent with measures used by other companies. It should be considered supplemental data; however, the amounts included in the EBITDA calculation are derived from amounts included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income. Below is a reconciliation of “Net income attributable to Cummins Inc.” to EBITDA for each of the applicable periods:

	Three months ended						Six months ended
	June 30,						June 30,
In millions	2023			2022			2023			2022
Net income attributable to Cummins Inc.	$	720		$	702		$	1,510		$	1,120

Net income attributable to Cummins Inc. as a percentage of net sales		*8.3*	%		10.7	%		*8.8*	%		8.6	%

Add:
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		17			5			33			10
Consolidated net income		737			707			1,543			1,130

Add:
Interest expense		99			34			186			51
Income tax expense		212			148			435			303
Depreciation and amortization		256			166			501			326
EBITDA	$	1,304		$	1,055		$	2,665		$	1,810

EBITDA as a percentage of net sales		*15.1*	%		16.0	%		*15.6*	%		14.0	%

Add:
Atmus IPO and separation costs		23			29			41			46
Russian suspension (recoveries) costs		—			(47	)		—			111

EBITDA, excluding costs associated with the IPO and separation of Atmus and indefinite suspension of Russian operations	$	1,327		$	1,037		$	2,706		$	1,967

EBITDA, excluding costs associated with the IPO and separation of Atmus and indefinite suspension of Russian operations, as a percentage of net sales		*15.4*	%		15.7	%		*15.8*	%		15.2	%

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SEGMENT SALES DATA
(Unaudited)

Components Segment Sales by Business

In the second quarter of 2023, with the Atmus IPO we changed the name of our filtration business to Atmus. Sales for our Components segment by business, adjusted for the reorganized businesses, were as follows:

2023
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Axles and brakes	$	1,272	$	1,249	$	—	$	—	$	2,521
Emission solutions		1,056		964		—		—		2,020
Engine components		581		557		—		—		1,138
Atmus		417		417		—		—		834
Automated transmissions		179		179		—		—		358
Software and electronics		52		59		—		—		111
Total sales	$	3,557	$	3,425	$	—	$	—	$	6,982

2022
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Axles and brakes	$	—	$	—	$	732	$	1,147	$	1,879
Emission solutions		910		863		853		868		3,494
Engine components		502		503		509		493		2,007
Atmus		382		391		399		385		1,557
Automated transmissions		134		143		159		157		593
Software and electronics		60		50		51		45		206
Total sales	$	1,988	$	1,950	$	2,703	$	3,095	$	9,736

Engine Segment Sales by Market and Unit Shipments by Engine Classification

Sales for our Engine segment by market were as follows:

2023
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Heavy-duty truck	$	1,114	$	1,117	$	—	$	—	$	2,231
Medium-duty truck and bus		903		942		—		—		1,845
Light-duty automotive		439		445		—		—		884
Off-highway		530		484		—		—		1,014
Total sales	$	2,986	$	2,988	$	—	$	—	$	5,974

2022
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Heavy-duty truck	$	908	$	1,001	$	972	$	966	$	3,847
Medium-duty truck and bus		848		875		868		869		3,460
Light-duty automotive		498		456		466		318		1,738
Off-highway		499		443		473		485		1,900
Total sales	$	2,753	$	2,775	$	2,779	$	2,638	$	10,945

Unit shipments by engine classification (including unit shipments to Power Systems and off-highway engine units included in their respective classification) were as follows:

2023
Units	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	YTD
Heavy-duty	34,700	36,400	—	—	71,100
Medium-duty	78,900	76,000	—	—	154,900
Light-duty	55,000	53,600	—	—	108,600
Total units	168,600	166,000	—	—	334,600

2022
Units	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	YTD
Heavy-duty	28,600	30,900	30,200	31,000	120,700
Medium-duty	72,600	68,800	69,800	72,400	283,600
Light-duty	66,500	60,400	58,300	42,400	227,600
Total units	167,700	160,100	158,300	145,800	631,900

Distribution Segment Sales by Product Line

Sales for our Distribution segment by product line were as follows:

2023
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Parts	$	1,057	$	1,019	$	—	$	—	$	2,076
Power generation		492		614		—		—		1,106
Engines		456		531		—		—		987
Service		401		431		—		—		832
Total sales	$	2,406	$	2,595	$	—	$	—	$	5,001

2022
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Parts	$	924	$	990	$	945	$	959	$	3,818
Power generation		401		441		431		501		1,774
Engines		441		429		449		457		1,776
Service		351		393		414		403		1,561
Total sales	$	2,117	$	2,253	$	2,239	$	2,320	$	8,929

Power Systems Segment Sales by Product Line and Unit Shipments by Engine Classification

Sales for our Power Systems segment by product line were as follows:

2023
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Power generation	$	770	$	854	$	—	$	—	$	1,624
Industrial		455		468		—		—		923
Generator technologies		118		135		—		—		253
Total sales	$	1,343	$	1,457	$	—	$	—	$	2,800

2022
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Power generation	$	664	$	657	$	739	$	730	$	2,790
Industrial		393		428		483		468		1,772
Generator technologies		103		118		127		123		471
Total sales	$	1,160	$	1,203	$	1,349	$	1,321	$	5,033

High-horsepower unit shipments by engine classification were as follows:

2023
Units	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	YTD
Power generation	2,900	3,300	—	—	6,200
Industrial	1,500	1,600	—	—	3,100
Total units	4,400	4,900	—	—	9,300

2022
Units	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	YTD
Power generation	2,200	2,400	2,400	2,700	9,700
Industrial	1,100	1,200	1,200	1,400	4,900
Total units	3,300	3,600	3,600	4,100	14,600

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