After the prolonged shutdown of the US government, NASA has finally started its nonessential work back up. It’s starting off with a bang: The agency called a press conference to show its hitherto reserved images of the interstellar object 3I/ATLAS. NASA scientists also confirmed that 3I/ATLAS is in fact a comet, contrary to the speculations about alien technology flooding the internet.
During the broadcast, a panel of scientists showed the results of observations obtained by different NASA missions across various points in the journey 3I/ATLAS has taken. Each provided insights in the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, and gamma-ray spectrums, providing a better understanding of the true nature of 3I/ATLAS.
Among the most relevant data are images captured by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and MAVEN satellites, as well as those from the Psyche and Lucy space probes, and even from the SOHO solar probe. The scientists clarified that all the data will be publicly available for anyone to investigate.
3I/ATLAS Images Shared by NASA
SOHO: Image From the Sun-Monitoring Probe
This orange-toned photo comes from NASA. The SOHO probe that monitors the sun managed to capture 3I/ATLAS between October 15 and 26. In the words of the agency, this image was a surprise. They did not expect that the object could be seen from so far away, 358 million kilometers.
MRO: One of the Best Close-Ups of 3I/ATLAS
One of the most anticipated photos of the comet is the one obtained by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter satellite in October, when 3I/ATLAS approached at “only” 29 million kilometers. NASA finally shared it. The image shows the frozen body surrounded by a cloud of characteristic dust ejected as the comet approached the sun.
STEREO: The Photo Confirming the Shape of 3I/ATLAS
The STEREO observatory analyzes the behavior of the sun. To get at least one coherent image of the comet, scientists had to stack several images taken at different exposures. In the end, the interstellar object was revealed as a bright orb against a noisy background.
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MAVEN: A Glimpse of Comet Hydrogen
MAVEN is a Mars orbiter. Its lens captured this ultraviolet spectrum image of 3I/ATLAS before it reached its closest approach to the Red Planet. It shows hydrogen emitted from different sources. The portion on the left belongs to the comet’s signature.
PUNCH: Another Solar Glimpse
PUNCH is a polarimeter that monitors the sun’s corona and its heliosphere. However, its lenses made it possible to visualize the comet’s tail for weeks from October to September. In this animation, each frame represents a daily snapshot, while the streaks in the background are produced by the movement of the stars.
On December 19, 2025, the comet will reach its closest point to Earth. It will pass at a completely safe distance: about 267 million kilometers away. To put that in perspective, it’s equivalent to almost 700 times the distance between the Earth and the moon, and 1.8 times the separation between our planet and the sun. This flyby will have no effect on the Earth.
Both NASA and other space agencies are expected to initiate additional observing campaigns to capture better photographs and relevant information about the third confirmed interstellar object in history.
This story originally appeared in WIRED en Español and has been translated from Spanish.